- 1034 – After Malcolm II of Scotland died at Glamis,Duncan, the son of his second daughter, instead ofMacbeth, the son of his eldest daughter, inherited the throne to become the King of Scots.
- 1795 – Stanisław August Poniatowski (pictured), the last King of Poland, was forced to abdicate after the Third Partition of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
- 1863 – American Civil War: Confederate forces were defeated at the Battle of Missionary Ridge in Chattanooga, Tennessee, opening the door to the Union's invasion of the Deep South.
- 1952 – Agatha Christie's mystery play The Mousetrap, the play with the longest initial run in history, opened at the Ambassadors Theatre in London.
- 1960 – The Mirabal sisters, who opposed the dictatorship ofmilitary strongman Rafael Trujillo in the Dominican Republic, were beaten and strangled to death.
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